Widya Aksara : Jurnal Agama Hindu

MEMBANGUN NILAI-NILAI MODERASI BERAGAMA DI TENGAH MASYARAKAT PLURAL: SEBUAH PENDEKATAN FILSAFAT AGAMA

Gede Agus Siswadi, Ida Bagus Gede Candrawan, I Dewa Ayu Puspadewi — Mon, 02 Sep 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This research aims to examine and develop the values of religious moderation in a plural society through a philosophy of religion approach. Religious moderation is a very important attitude in maintaining harmony and social stability in a diverse society. This is because when religion is only interpreted as a doctrine, it will lead to excessive religious fanaticism. Therefore, believing in religious teachings must be understood with rationality, so that the principles that exist in every religious teaching can provide peace and harmony between human beings. This research uses a qualitative method with a philosophical descriptive approach. The results of this study show that religion actually provides guidance for people in thinking, acting or speaking well, by prioritising ethics and morals and humanitarian principles. However, if religious teachings are understood only as doctrine, it will be vulnerable to religious fanaticism, therefore religion should be understood rationally. Therefore, religious moderation by promoting the values of tolerance, harmony, and peace should be based on rational, critical principles in understanding religious teachings, so it is important to understand the philosophy of religion as a foundation in building religious moderation values.

PURUSA DAN PRADANA SEBAGAI KONSEP KESETARAAN GENDER DALAM AGAMA HINDU

I Nyoman Warta — Mon, 02 Sep 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The equality of Purusa and Pradana in its essence is to maintain the health of the universe and its contents. With their respective duties and functions, harmony is created. Likewise, the equality of men and women is created differently but in essence is the same. The understanding of gender or equality has become an important subject in various aspects of human life, including in the context of religion and spirituality. In Hinduism, the concept of gender is not only limited to biological differences between men and women, but also includes social structures, cultural norms, and expanded spiritual roles. Equality in the Hindu perspective reflects the complexity of human life, which is reflected in sacred texts, religious rituals, and daily practices. Gender issues in Hinduism have far-reaching implications in the understanding of gender roles in society and spiritual life. The concept not only encompasses the relationship between men and women in the context of family and society, but also involves the role of gods and goddesses who reflect different principles in the universe. Thus, the understanding of gender in Hinduism provides a rich view of the dynamics of human relationships with humans, humans with other life and humans with God (Brahman). The understanding of these positions contradicts the depiction of gender in Hinduism. Men are portrayed as protectors and women as providers of prosperity who are worshipped in the form of deities, and are even portrayed as transcending gender understanding in the exploration of social roles and sexuality. Thus, there is no aspect that distinguishes the position of men and women, both in their duties and responsibilities as human beings. The main difference between women and men is limited to biological differences, so the concept of gender is entirely a socio-cultural concept that applies in certain societies according to their nature or karmic purposes.

PEMBELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA HINDU BERBASIS LOCAL GENIUS HINDU KAHARINGAN

Mardwiatmoko — Mon, 02 Sep 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Salah satu kendala yang ditemui oleh para guru pendidikan Agama Hindu adalah sulitnya menyelenggarakan pembelajaran yang menarik, menyenangkan, dan efektif. Guru pendidikan Agama Hindu hendaknya dapat menerapkan model pembelajaran konstektual supaya materi pendidikan Agama Hindu yang bersifat abstrak dapat diubah menjadi real melalui contoh-contoh peristiwa dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Maksud dari pembelajaran kontekstual dalam artikel ini adalah pembelajaran pendidikan Agama Hindu yang berbasis local genius Hindu Kaharingan Kalimantan Tengah. Pembelajaran local genius dapat diterapkan dalam standar kompetensi panca yajña dengan kompetensi dasar contoh-contoh pelaksanaan yajňa dalam masyarakat sebab masyarakat Hindu Kaharingan juga melaksanakan ajaran yajña sesuai dengan kaidah-kaidah yang dimuat dalam susastra suci Hindu walaupun berbeda dalam hal penyebutannya. Dalam Standar Kompetensi asta aiswarya, Kompetensi Dasar yang relevan untuk dilakukan pembelajaran berbasis local genius adalah menemukan sloka dan mantram terkait asta aiswarya, sebab dalam Panaturan juga memuat tentang sifat-sifat kemahakuasaan Ranying Hatalla. Dengan mengakomodasi materi yang bersifat kearifan lokal, siswa cenderung lebih mudah dalam hal pemahaman konsep. Sebab materi pembelajaran dikaitkan dengan fenomena yang tidak asing baginya karena siswa sering bersinggungan langsung dalam kehidupan sehari-hari.

DHARMASANTI AGEN PEMBELAJARAN

Sujaelanto — Mon, 02 Sep 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Abstrak

Dharmasanti adalah rangkaian kegiatan hari suci Nyepi oleh umat Hindu di Indonesia. Pelaksanaan dharmasanti menyesuaikan dengan tingkatan dan kondisi umat Hindu. Dharmasanti merupakan kegiatan keagamaan Hindu yang bersifat profan yang didalamnya sarat sumber nilai pendidikan. Nilai pendidikan tidak serta merta diperoleh hanya dari pendidikan formal, tetapi dapat diperoleh disetiap saat, termasuk kegiatan dharmasanti yang kaya akan sumber pembelajaran. Apakah kegiatan dharamsanti di Jenawi menjadi agen pembelajaran Hindu. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada saat acara dharmasanti di Jenawawi Karanganyar pada bulan April 2024. Data diperoleh menggunakan observasi dan di analisis dengan teori social kognitif. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian adalah Dharmasanti adalah metode pembinaan umat Hindu melalui kegiatan hari Nyepi. Rangkaian acara dharmasanti umat Hindu Jenawi meliputi pengisian melodi seni, penampilan tari, pembacaan weda wakya, melagukan Indonesia raya, pengucapan ikrar, sambutan dan dharmawaca. Rangkaian acara dharmasanti tidak saja disajikan untuk melengkapi kegiatan secara formal dan ritual, tetapi nilai-nilai terkandung disetiap sesi acara memberikan motivasi dan inspirasi umat Hindu dalam menjalankan sradha dan bakti kepada Tuhan, negara dan sesamanya. Peran dharmasanti sebagai agen pembelajaran Hindu adalah sebagai fasilitator, motivator, pemberi inpirasi pembelajaran umat Hindu di Jenawai. Dharmasanti sebagai tempat untuk bersimakrama (silaturami) umat Hindu dengan para tokoh umat Hindu serta pemimpin wilayah untuk melaksanakan dharma agama dan dharma negara.

PERAN PERKUMPULAN MAJAPAHID NUSANTARA DALAM MELESTARIKAN NILAI BUDAYA JAWA (PERSPEKTIF KOMUNIKASI ORGANISASI)

Sifania Pratiwi, Untung Suhardi, Dian Syanita Utami Dewi — Mon, 02 Sep 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Penelitian ini mengkaji peran Perkumpulan Majapahid Nusantara dalam melestarikan nilai budaya jawa melalui perspektif komunikasi organisasi, yang memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana Perkumpulan Majapahid Nusantara berperan dalam melestarikan budaya jawa dengan menguraikan perannya dan menganalisis pola komunikasi organisasi dalam menjalankan tugas tersebut. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode kualitatif yang melibatkan wawancara, observasi, dan studi pustaka, dengan menggunakan Teori Budaya Organisasi dan Teori Komunikasi Organisasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Perkumpulan Majapahid Nusantara memainkan peran krusial dalam menghidupkan kembali ritual tradisional, menjaga komitmen generasi muda, serta berkolaborasi dengan lembaga keagamaan dan pemerintah untuk pelestarian budaya. Hasil penelitian selanjutnya menunjukan bahwa pola komunikasi organisasi dalam Perkumpulan Majapahid terlihat dari partisipasi aktif anggota, penggunaan inovasi teknologi, interaksi antaranggota, dan kepemimpinan yang baik. Upaya pelestarian ini juga mencakup strategi komunikasi yang terstruktur, pemanfaatan media digital, dan kegiatan budaya yang inklusif. Kesimpulan dari temuan ini yaitu memberikan wawasan mengenai bagaimana strategi komunikasi yang efektif dan kolaboratif dapat mendukung pelestarian budaya lokal di tengah tantangan globalisasi, serta menekankan pentingnya adaptasi dan inovasi dalam menjaga keberlanjutan nilai- nilai budaya Jawa.

PENGARUH PEMBELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA HINDU DAN BUDI PEKERTI TERHADAP SIKAP TOLERANSI SISWA HINDU DI SMPN 7 MATARAM

Ni Made Ayu Trisna Aprilia Sari, Nyoman Wijana — Mon, 02 Sep 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Hindu dan Budi Pekerti Terhadap Sikap Toleransi Siswa Hindu Di SMPN 7 Mataram yang dilatar belakangi oleh banyak terjadinya kasus-kasus intoleran salah satunya dalam beragama, intoleran merupakan sikap yang tidak menghargai dan menghormati perbedaan latar belakang, keyakinan atau agama yang di anut oleh orang lain. Biasanya, intoleransi yang sering terjadi adalah antar umat beragama ini terjadi pada agama yang minoritas. Sikap intoleransi muncul akibat dari faktor eksternal maupun internal, seperti pengalaman pribadi, media massa dan lain sebagainya. Banyaknya kasus intoleran di lingkungan sekolah yang juga akhirnya mengakibatkan tindakan pembullyan terhadap siswa yang biasanya menjadi korban adalah siswa yang minoritas. Terdapat fenomena menarik yang terjadi di salah satu Sekolah Menengah Pertama di Kota Mataram yakni, SMPN 7 Mataram. Di sekolah ini Agama Hindu menjadi agama mayoritas kedua setelah Agama Islam, meskipun demikian siswa dan siswi Hindu di sekolah ini memiliki sikap toleransi yang tinggi terhadap teman yang minoritas, terlihat dari observasi awal yang peneliti lakukan siswa dan siswi Hindu baik di kelas maupun di luar kelas memiliki hubungan baik dengan teman yang minoritas maupun teman yang mayoritas. Siswa dan sisiwi Hindu berteman, bermain, dan berkomunikasi dengan baik antara satu dan lain. Tidak terlihat mengucilkan satu sama lain, hal ini mencerminkan kebalikan dari banyaknya kasus intoleran yang banyak terjadi di sekolah-sekolah. Sikap mau berteman dengan siapa saja mencerminkan penerapan dari ajaran yang terkandung di dalam Agama Hindu. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif, teori yang digunakan dalam menyusun hipotesis penelitian ini yaitu teori pengembangan moral Lawrence Kohlberg dan teori pluralisme budaya oleh Horace Kallen. Populasi dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 153 orang, dan sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 107 orang yang merupakan siswa Hindu kelas VII. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakkan kuesioner. Dalam penelitian ini Skala Likert digunakan oleh peneliti untuk mengukur penilaian responden terhadap kuesioner yang telah diberikan. Analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yakni uji prasyarat yang dilakukan dengan cara Uji Normalitas, Linearitas, dan Regresi Linier Sederhana. Hasil perhitungan dengan menggunakan bantuan program SPSS Versi 23. menunjukkan bahwa t hitung>t tabel (3.966>1.663) maka Ho ditolak Ha diterima. Artinya terdapat pengaruh antara pembelajaran pendidikan agama hindu dan budi pekerti terhadap sikap toleransi siswa hindu dengan kategori rendah dan hasil uji t diketahui nilai signifikansi sebesar 0.000<0.05 ini berarti terdapat pengaruh yang erat antara Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Hindu dan Budi Pekerti Terhadap Sikap Toleransi Siswa Hindu di SMPN 7 Mataram.

JOYFULL LEARNING: MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA PASRAMAN MELALUI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS MULTIMEDIA INTERAKTIF

Dewi Ayu Wisnu Wardani — Mon, 02 Sep 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Learning motivation is important for students to improve the quality of education. Technology can be used to make the learning environment more interesting and interactive. The purpose of this study is to determine how effective technology-based learning is in increasing students' desire to learn at school. To achieve this goal, this study uses a literature study method that collects data from a number of articles that have been published on the subject.By using media, applications, and e-learning, students can be more motivated to learn. Therefore, schools must pay attention to the use of technology in learning to increase students' motivation to learn. The solution offered in this study is an interactive learning media with the Joyful Learning method. The Joyful Learning method is a very good method used to involve students in learning the material that has been delivered considering that students are less active in the learning process. The results of the media expert validation in the visual communication category and ease of use are in the very valid category, with a percentage of the feasibility of 92%, while for the ease of use aspect 86%. Based on the calculation of validity by the material validator, the percentage of assessment for material suitability is 82%, material presentation is 80%, and material coverage is 92%. So the media summary for all aspects of evaluation by the material validator is very valid. Then the validation of the user value was obtained in the form of 86% of the content of the learning material, 82% of learning, and 84% of the display of learning media, with a valid category. The results of the analysis show that the use of technology-based learning methods can make students more motivated to learn.

NILAI-NILAI SUSILA DAN ETOS EKONOMI DALAM AGAMA HINDU

Setyaningsih, I Wayan Tudy Subawa — Mon, 02 Sep 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This article discusses moral values and economic ethos from a Hindu perspective. The aim of this research is to find out how Hindu moral values and economic ethos teach and practice. This research uses descriptive qualitative methods. Susila is one of the three basic frameworks of Hindu religious teachings, which is good and noble behavior that is in line with the provisions of Dharma (good deeds) and Yadnya (holy sacrifice). The aim of morals is to foster a harmonious relationship between a person and the living creatures around him. Susila has a very broad meaning, so the author limits the scope of morality to economic ethos. The word economy cannot be separated from welfare and prosperity. In Hinduism, economics is called Artha. Morals are the most important, therefore moral values as well as economic ethos in Hinduism are very important things to balance life and prosperity. The results of this research will provide an understanding of Hindu teachings regarding the moral values and economic ethos of Hindu society.

PENDIDIKAN DAN KESETARAAN: IMPLEMENTASINYA PADA SEKOLAH INKLUSI PERSPEKTIF FILSAFAT MANUSIA

Dian Paula April Juwan, Septiana Dwiputri Maharani, Gede Agus Siswadi — Mon, 02 Sep 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Inclusive education is being promoted to ensure equal education for all students, regardless of background or special needs. Human philosophy emphasises respect for each person's dignity and potential. Nevertheless, the execution of the notion of inclusive education frequently encounters intricate obstacles. This study examines how human philosophy values and principles might promote equality in inclusive schools. The research methodology employs a qualitative approach, primarily emphasising literature analysis and case studies. The literature analysis will examine inclusive education-related human philosophy principles and theories, while the case studies will examine how inclusive schools use these concepts. This research integrates theoretical and empirical data to better understand the relationship between human philosophy and inclusive education and promote more inclusive and humane educational practices. Inclusive education is an education that supports equality. Because basically, all humans need education as an effort to develop their talents and interests.

PENERAPAN AJARAN WIDHI SRADHA DALAM MEMBENTUK KARAKTER SISWA PADA PASRAMAN WIDYASANA KABUPATEN SUKOHARJO

Gatot Wibowo, Suherman, Endang Sri Lestari — Tue, 03 Sep 2024 04:43:35 +0000

The instillation of moral, ethical and spiritual values in the young generation of Hindus through Pasraman education is a medium for the formation of personality and character development of students as a vehicle for the transformation of the teachings of Widhi Sradha in Hinduism which are beliefs and beliefs about the truth of Ida Sang Yang Widhi Wasa. In essence, it emphasizes the teachings of Tri Pramana which include Agama Pramana, Anumana Pramana and Pratyaksa Pramana with the principle that its implementation must be balanced in harmony between one and the other. If balance is achieved, a harmonious, peaceful and peaceful life will be realized. Pasraman Widhyasana in Sukoharjo Regency is a place to learn about learning that not only trains strengthening of the intellectual scope but balances emotional and spiritual intelligence as an institution for preparing Hindu human resources to become good citizens in the life of the nation and state based on Pancasila with the legal basis: Law No. 20 of 2003 Article 30 paragraphs 1, 3, and 4 (National Education System), Regulation of the Minister of Religion Number 56 of 2014 concerning the principles of Hindu religious education management, Government Regulation 55 of 2007 Article 1 paragraph (5) concerning Religious and Religion Education and Article 38 paragraphs (2) and (3) concerning the organization and management of pasraman.

IMPLEMENTASI KEBIASAAN MEMBACA BHAGAVAD GITA DALAM MEMBANGUN KARAKTER RELIGIUS SISWA HINDU SMPN 3 MUNCAR

Andrian Dwi Nurcahyo, Ni Luh Putu Wiardani Astuti, Setyaningsih — Fri, 06 Sep 2024 09:38:12 +0000

This study aims to implement and find out the inhibiting factors, supports, and results of the implementation of the habit of reading the Bhagavad Gita through learning Hindu Religious Education in building religious character in Hindu students at SMP Negeri 3 Muncar, Banyuwangi Regency. The research method used is qualitative descriptive through primary primary data sources; observations, interviews, documentation, and secondary supporting data; literature. Practically, the data analysis techniques of this research are described according to the stage of implementation, namely: (1) data collection techniques; (2) data reduction techniques; (3) data presentation techniques; and (4) conclusion drawing techniques. The implementation of this research is carried out through the preliminary stage of the Bhagavad Gita, the stage of the procedure for reading the Bhagavad Gita, and the stage of the meaning of reading the Bhagavad Gita. The inhibiting factors found were the lack of availability of the Bhagavad Gita, the lack of motivation to read the Bhagavad Gita, the influence of the students' social environment, and the untimely use of mobile phones. Meanwhile, the supporting factors were found due to the support of the Acting Head, Deputy Head, and Hindu Religious Education teachers of SMPN 3 Muncar, the support of the parents of Hindu students of SMPN 3 Muncar, the active role of Hindu students of SMPN 3 Muncar, and the availability of Hindu Religious Education learning rooms. As a result of the implementation of this research, the Hindu students of SMPN 3 Muncar gradually began to have a religious character with an open mindset, good manners, and obedience to the tri sandhya prayer.

SIMBOLISASI DAN REPRESENTASI BUDAYA PATRIARKI DALAM MANUSKRIP JAWA: TINJAUAN SEMIOTIKA CHARLES SANDERS PIERCE

Bagus Wahyu Setyawan, Teguh — Fri, 06 Sep 2024 15:33:15 +0000

Patriarchal culture has been deeply rooted and shackled in almost all aspects of people's social life. Even literary works are also influenced by a very strong patriarchal culture. This research aims to reveal the symbolization and representation of patriarchal culture in Javanese manuscripts. The selected data source is Javanese manuscripts aimed specifically at women, namely Serat Wulangreh Putri, Serat Candrarini, and Serat Wulang Wanita. The data collection technique uses content analysis techniques and hermeneutic readings of the three manuscripts. The data analysis in this study uses Charles Sanders Pierce's semiotic theory with the concept of reading three-meaning semoticons. The results found in this study are that there are several forms of depictions of patriarchal culture in the three manuscripts that make the roles and positions of Javanese women marginalized. The impact of patriarchal cultural hegemony is the existence of subordination, the emergence of double burdens, and psychological violence against women. In these manuscripts, there is also a recommendation that women must accept the practice of polygamy carried out by their husbands. Thus, it is necessary to take a step of reconciliation and reinterpretation to form a new perspective in responding to duties and women in the family. It is appropriate for husband and wife to establish good communication and a proportionate division of roles in the family so as not to be influenced by patriarchal understanding.

IMPLEMENTASI PENGUATAN MODERASI BERAGAMA DI SEKOLAH TINGGI AGAMA BUDDHA NEGERI RADEN WIJAYA

Manggala Wiriya Tantra, Gede Agus Siswadi — Thu, 19 Sep 2024 03:24:58 +0000

Religious extremism in universities is a real threat to national disintegration that has the potential to lead to acts of intolerance and terrorism in the name of religion. The central government is trying to mainstream religious moderation in anticipating religious exclusivism and extremism movements on campus. This study aims to describe the implementation of religious strengthening in universities, specifically at the Raden Wijaya State Buddhist College (STABN). This study uses a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. The results of this study indicate that the strengthening of religious moderation is being carried out systematically, specifically for educators, education personnel and students. Educators and education personnel are trained to become pioneers and movers of religious moderation by national instructors and facilitators. Students are given socialization of religious moderation and are strengthened in their understanding of religious moderation through courses that integrate religious moderation in all study programs. At STABN Raden Wijaya there is also a House of Religious Moderation which functions as a program planner, program implementer and study of strengthening religious moderation.

IMPLIKASI MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA TERHADAP MATA PELAJARAN AGAMA HINDU DI TENGAH HEGEMONI BUDAYA INDUSTRI DI SMAN 8 DENPASAR

Gede Agus Siswadi — Wed, 06 Nov 2024 06:50:33 +0000

This research aims to analyse the implications of students learning motivation on Hinduism subjects at SMAN 8 Denpasar, especially in the context of the increasingly strong hegemony of industrial culture. The method used in this research is qualitative method. The results showed that students' learning motivation has a significant influence on academic achievement in Hinduism subject. Students who have high motivation tend to participate more actively in learning and have a better understanding of Hindu values. On the other hand, the hegemonic industrial culture that dominates students‘ social environment has the potential to reduce students’ interest and attention to religious studies. The implication of this study confirms the importance of increasing learning motivation through relevant and contextual approaches, so that students can integrate Hindu values in students' daily lives, despite being affected by industrial culture. It is hoped that the results of this study can be a reference for educators and schools in designing more effective and interesting learning strategies to increase student motivation.